[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":73},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-fire-107-1-fire-science-027":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectKicker":6,"subjectShort":7,"question":8,"related":27,"sameNumber":52,"hasEssay":26},"火災學概要","fire-science","火災學 · Fire Science","火災學",{"id":9,"webId":10,"year":11,"session":12,"subject":4,"number":13,"stem":14,"options":15,"answer":20,"answerNote":21,"images":22,"imagesPending":23,"lawTimestamp":11,"explanation":24,"explanationDeep":25,"freq":12,"indexable":26},"fire-107-1-火災學概要-027","fire-107-1-fire-science-027",107,1,27,"下列何者並非高科技廠房火災之特性？",{"A":16,"B":17,"C":18,"D":19},"火載量大","多功效乾粉滅火器為滅火第一選擇","極早型偵煙器偵測火災效果佳","燃料種類多","B",null,[],false,"本題考點：高科技廠房（半導體、光電等無塵室製程場所）的火災特性與滅火藥劑選擇考量。\n【正解理由】高科技廠房內部有大量高分子材料的機臺外殼、排氣風管與化學品，火載量大且燃料種類複雜；製程環境要求極高潔淨度，滅火藥劑一旦造成粉塵殘留與腐蝕，設備與在製品的二次損失往往遠高於火損本身。多功效乾粉滅火器殘留與污染性高，並非此類場所的第一選擇，故選 B。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 火載量大：機臺塑膠外殼、玻璃纖維強化塑膠排氣風管與各式化學品密集，確為其特性。\n(B) 多功效乾粉滅火器為滅火第一選擇：乾粉殘留與污染會使精密設備與晶圓受損，此敘述與高科技廠房特性不符，為本題答案。\n(C) 極早型偵煙器偵測火災效果佳：無塵室氣流量大、煙易被稀釋，空氣取樣式的極早期偵煙裝置正適合這種環境。\n(D) 燃料種類多：特殊氣體、有機溶劑、高分子材料與電氣設備並存，燃料態樣多元。\n【記憶點】高科技廠房怕污染，早期偵測優先、乾粉最後考慮。","高科技廠房的火災風險結構與一般工廠不同，可從四個面向理解。其一是可燃物特性：無塵室的機臺外殼、晶圓載具、排氣風管多採高分子材料，玻璃纖維強化塑膠風管一旦起火會沿管路延伸並產生大量濃煙與腐蝕性燃燒生成物；其二是製程物質：矽甲烷等自燃性特殊氣體、氫氣、有機溶劑與強酸鹼並存，起火型態涵蓋洩漏噴流火焰與化學反應失控；其三是環境條件：無塵室維持高換氣率與正壓，煙在初期即被大量氣流稀釋，一般探測器不易及早動作；其四是損失結構，停機一天的產值與供應鏈損失可能遠超過建物本身，因此防護目標是「早期發現、局限損害、快速復機」。\n這些特性直接決定防護策略的取捨。偵測端偏好空氣取樣式極早期偵煙裝置，以抽氣方式主動採樣、在肉眼可見煙之前即發出警報；滅火端則優先考慮不留殘渣的方式，如二氧化碳、潔淨氣體與細水霧，機臺內部另可採自動撒水設備或局部放射方式；乾粉雖然滅火速度快，卻因藥劑殘留與吸濕腐蝕會造成大範圍二次損害，通常只用於特定油類或電氣火災的初期應變，不列為首選。\n藥劑特性可以排成一條光譜來記：以滅火後的殘留與清理難易排序，潔淨氣體與二氧化碳幾乎無殘留、細水霧僅有少量水漬、水系設備會造成水損、泡沫與乾粉的殘留與清理負擔最大；但反過來以對深層火與復燃的抑制能力排序，順序又大致相反。防護對象是精密製程設備時，前一條排序的權重遠高於後者，這就是本題選項的判斷基礎。\n易混淆概念對照：滅火效果與適用性是兩件事，考題常以「滅火能力強＝最佳選擇」設陷，正確判準是同時考量藥劑對防護標的的損害、環境的可及性與復電復機的難易。相關考點還有無塵室火載量估算、風管內部延燒的阻火措施，以及煙控與氣流方向對探測靈敏度的影響。",true,[28,32,36,40,44,48],{"webId":29,"stem":30,"number":31,"year":11,"session":12},"fire-107-1-fire-science-026","在火勢擴大的過程中，下列那一現象並非成長期的常見特徵？",26,{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":11,"session":12},"fire-107-1-fire-science-028","下列何者並非古蹟火災防護之特性？",28,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":11,"session":12},"fire-107-1-fire-science-025","下列何者並非複燃（backdraft）發生之原因？",25,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":11,"session":12},"fire-107-1-fire-science-029","下列何者並非學校實驗室火災之特性？",29,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":11,"session":12},"fire-107-1-fire-science-024","容易著火之燃料具下列何種特性？",24,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":11,"session":12},"fire-107-1-fire-science-030","固體燃料火焰延燒最快的方式為下列何者？",30,[53,57,61,65,69],{"webId":54,"year":55,"stem":56,"number":13},"fire-113-1-fire-science-027",113,"火災發生後至閃燃發生的時間稱為閃燃時間（F.O.T.），影響閃燃時間的重要因素，下列何者錯誤？",{"webId":58,"year":59,"stem":60,"number":13},"fire-112-1-fire-science-027",112,"下列何種措施於室內發生火災時有助於防止或延緩閃燃的發生？",{"webId":62,"year":63,"stem":64,"number":13},"fire-111-1-fire-science-027",111,"下列關於乙炔的敘述，何者錯誤？",{"webId":66,"year":67,"stem":68,"number":13},"fire-110-1-fire-science-027",110,"某建築物的插座電壓為 110 伏特，在其延長線上的插座同時插 880 瓦的電磁爐、110 瓦的電風扇及 1100 瓦的電熱器，請問該延長線之額定電流至少需多少安培？",{"webId":70,"year":71,"stem":72,"number":13},"fire-109-1-fire-science-027",109,"下列有關泡沫滅火劑，何者敘述正確？",1785129967864]